Anda -Not much is known about this marque, one identified model used a Sheaffer-type nib, likely built by Wing Sung.
Angel -A Wuhan-based maker.
Baoer -See Jinhao.
Chang Hong, or Rainbow - A defunct Tianjin-based maker started by a team from Hero. The original factory was acquired by Sea-Gull watches and built the original 1963 Air Force chronograph; the later factory ground is now a housing development.
Changjiang - A brand based in Chongqing, even the English name is conjectural, but it means "Long River" literally, and refers specifically to the Yangtze River. Among other pens it's one of the firms which made the classic Type 28 design.
Crocodile - It is not known if this marque is related to the one of the same name which is still extant.
Crown - Not much is known about this marque.
Da Gong, or Dagong -A brand by the Wuhan Pen Factory.
Danyutu - Little is known about this marque.
Diamond, or Zuanshi, or Zuan Shi -See Heilongjiang.
Dibao - Little is known about this marque.
Donghong -Literally "Rainbow of the East", not much is known about this marque; known examples are fitted with "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.
Dongsheng -Little is known about this marque.
Dong Yi -A Shanghai-based marque, identified models show a liking for Lacque de Chine finish.
Duke -A Shanghai-based modern manufacturer.
Farn -Little is known about this marque.
Fenghua -Primarily a Shanghai-based ballpoint pen factory but still made some fountain pens.
Flight -Little is known about this marque.
Flourish -A brand by the Wuxi-based firm of Jinli, it is not known if it is related to the firm making the Angel brand based in Wuhan.
Golden Dragon -Possibly a sub-brand used by Dandong, see White Feather. The Golden Dragon brand included a model with a flip-over nib similar to the Parker 180, and a model with a brush head instead of a regular nib.
Guangli -A relatively modern Shanghai-based marque.
Guangrong -This is a brand from Nanjing, probably a sister brand to Tianwen.
Guanleming, or Wm. K. Rockman-Originally a US maker from New York City, the firm moved to Shanghai in 1929 and settled there, thus becoming the second manufacturer in that country. The English name remained "Wm. K. Rockman" but after the war, a transliteration of its Chinese name was used instead, as "Guanleming". The brand is now owned by Hero and for many years based at the Changsu works along with Jinrong.
Guhwa -A smaller Shanghai-based maker.
Guiguan -A Hero sub-brand, based at Hero's iridium point factory in Shanghai, some models signed "SIPF"
Guoyi -The first pen manufacturer in China, established in 1926. It changed its name to "Doctor" later and was acquired by Guanleming, and then by Hero. The Doctor brand is still occasionally used by Hero.
Haiping -Little is known about this marque.
Hangzhou -Most probably based in the city of the same name, only one model was identified, so it's probably a short-lived maker. Said model is not signed externally, but signed on the Aerometric housing instead.
Haobang -Little is known about this marque.
Haolida -A relatively new marque about which little is known.
Heilongjiang -A maker based in the far north-east, best known for flat-top Type 28 pens; its signature was having a stone set to the clip. It also owns a sub-brand called Diamond for more modern style pens, such as combined hooded nib and ballpoint pens.
Hongjiang -A still-active maker of colourful plastics school pens with ergonomic designs.
Hong Qiang -Little is known about this marque.
Huafu -Huafu was established in 1931 in Shanghai; it was probably some time in the 1960s that it changed its name to "Hero", its product brand name. However, Hero still uses the Huafu name on some of their pens.
Huahong -A Shanghai-based brand, probably related to Hero; the nibs are signed with the brand name.
Huanqiu -Little is known about this marque.
Huashi -Little is known about this marque.
Hu Guang -A marque used by a Shanghai maker.
Huwen -A marque used by a Shanghai maker.
Ihua -Little is known about this marque; identified models used an unusual transparent feed.
Jiangjun, or General -See Youlian.
Jingang -Not much is known about this marque.
Jingwen -A Beijing-based brand making low-cost student pens.
Jinhan -Little is known about this marque.
Jinhao -Along with Baoer, Jinhao is a brand used by the very active Shanghai Qian Gu Stationary Co Ltd; where Baoer is reserved for the more popularly-priced models.
Jinhua -Made by a Wuxi-based firm who also made footballs; only one model by this maker is confirmed, which is not marked conspicuously, only "J 707" on the cap.
Jinlu -Probably related to Hero, the one model identified - 720 - bears a resemblance to the "new type" Hero 329.
Jinrong -A brand owned by Hero, who operated out of their Changsu facilities along with Guanleming (aka Wm. K. Rockman).
Jinxing, or Kin Sin, or Golden Star -Originally a Shanghai maker started by three Korean brothers in 1932; a Beijing factory opened in 1952, and later still the Shanghai works stopped making pens, making it a Beijing-based brand. Their classic black Type 28 is the most iconic model and carried on being made for many years.
Jinyan -A smaller and probably short-lived maker based in Jinan, Shandong province. Only one model has been identified, and not marked conspiciously, it's a Parker 51 derivative but the collector is not functional as it is solid, without capillary fins.
Jixiang -Little is known about this marque.
Jonna -Little is known about this marque.
Junwu -Little is known about this marque.
Kunshilai -A brand used by the Kunshan City Pen Factory, and probably moved to Suzhou subsequently.
Lanbaoshi -The brand name is literally "Sapphire", little is known about it.
Lap.Kwan -Little is known about this marque.
Leibo, or Shanghai Leibo -Little is known about this marque; identified pens were Parker 45 derived.
Leqi -A maker whose fountain pens were always sold paired with ballpoint pens in presentation boxes.
Lingnan -A Hero sub-brand.
Longfeng -A Shanghai-based marque.
Lucky -A brand owned by Wing Sung.
Luoshi -Apparently a relative newcomer in the pen making industry, also see Weilong.
Luye -Literally "Green Leaf" and supplied with a leaf-shaped swing tag, it's a Shanghai-based brand and probably owned by Hero.
Mingxing, or Star -Little is known about this marque.
Moon Orchids, or Yuelan -Little is known about this marque, who branded at least some of its pens with both English names concurrently, Moon Orchids on the barrel and cap, and Yuelan on the Sheaffer-style nib.
Nanjing -Likely to have been a brand based at the city of the same name, it is not known if it was related to Xinxing or Tianwen.
Paide -A Hero or Wing Sung sub-brand, model such as 756-3 uses a steel Sheaffer-type nib
Paili -Little is known about this marque.
Parkson -Not much is known about this brand, known examples are fitted with "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.
Peacock -Little is known about this marque.
Picasso -A modern Shanghai-based maker.
Poppenex -Little is known about this marque.
Qiangsheng -Little is known about this marque; the nibs used were branded "Qiangsheng".
Qingdao -Named after the city in which they were made. Known examples are simply built, a Parker-style model -812- has non-functioning collector which is solid, without capillary fins.
Qunying -Little is known about this marque; identified models were Parker 45 derived.
Regent Bird, or RB -This appears to be a relatively new brand, and uses "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.
Sanhe -Not much is known about this marque.
Sanle -Little is known about this marque.
Sanxing, or San Xing, or Threestars -Identified examples of pens bearing this marque used Sheaffer-style nibs; mechanical pencils bearing this "San Xing" brand are confirmed as by the Second Chinese Pencil Factory, in Shanghai.
Scoria -Not much is known about this marque.
Shang Hai -A known example has a steel Sheaffer-style nib which is characteristic of Wing Sung, and might be one of the firm's sub-brands.
Shen Hua -A Shanghai-based marque.
Shenxing -Literally "Star of Shanghai", it's possible that it's a minor sub-brand used by Hero, as known models are identical to some Hero-branded models.
Shuang Ling -A Shanghai-based maker.
Shuangrong -Little is known about this marque.
Shule -Little is known about this marque.
Shunda -Little is known about this marque.
Shuyiwen -Another relatively small maker.
Sihua -A brand based in Tianjin.
Star -See Mingxing.
SWL -Apparently a small and relatively new maker.
Ta Tung -A brand owned by Wing Sung.
Tiantan -See Youlian.
Tianwen -A brand used by the Nanjing Pen Factory.
Vens -This manufacturer was recorded to be in existance prior to the mid-1950s.
Wanbao -By the appearance of known examples it is likely to be related to the Jinrong and Guanleming models built at Hero's Changsu facilities, even though the nibs are signed "Wanbao".
Weibao -Little is known about this marque.
Weilong -A brand used by Luoshi, some nibs used are "Iridium Point Germany".
Weiwen -Little is known about this marque, apparently it has a sub-brand called "Little Doctor".
Wen Da -Little is known about this marque.
Wen Feng -Little is known about this marque; known examples have nibs marked "Iridium Point Wenfeng".
Wenfu -Little is known about this marque.
Wenhua -Little is known about this marque.
Wenneng -Little is known about this marque.
White Feather -A brand used by the defunct Dandong Pen Factory, it is possible that some pens were only branded as "Dandong". Also see Golden Dragon.
Wm. K. Rockman -See Guanleming.
Wing Sung -This Shanghai-based maker started in 1950 under the name Xinhua as the main branch of a stationary shop of that name acquired a lesser pen factory. After subsequent rounds of acquisitions it became one of the most prolific makers, but now ceased production.
Wobo -Little is known about this marque.
Xianhe -A brand used by the Xian Pen Factory, meaning "Red-crowned Crane" , also see Yanhe.
Xinhua -See Wing Sung.
Xinxing, or Nova -A minor maker in Nanjing; the English name is conjectural. Only one model, the Parker 51-inspired 884, has positively been identified.
Xue Shan -Little is known about this marque, but on the box the trademark bears a resemblance to Yunshan, so they could be related brands by the same maker.
Yalun -Little is known about this marque.
Yanhe -A brand used by the Xian Pen Factory, after the river in the Yanan district. Also see Xianhe.
Yongjiu -A defunct but respected maker in Shaoyang.
Youlian -The Youlian (Alliance) brand was based in Harbin in the far north-east it was founded in 1950, by acquiring the assets of Guanleming of Shanghai, along with a number of staff members. It also owned the Jiangjun (General) and Tiantan brands.
Youth -A brand from Guangzhou.
Yiren -A relatively new maker who is seeing some commercial success.
Yunshan -Little is known about this marque, but on the box the trademark bears a resemblance to Xue Shan, so they could be related brands by the same maker. The pens under this brand ranged from Lacque de Chine metal ones to all plastic novelty pens.
Zhenhua, or Zhen Hua -Little is known about this relatively modern marque.
Zhonghu -Even though the "hu" in the brand name is short for "Shanghai", the brand was actually owned by the Zhongnan Pen Factory in Wuxi.
Zhongshan -Little is known about this marque.
Zhongzhou -Little is known about this marque, identified models appear to be inexpensive, all plastics, small student pens with the name in Chinese signed on the nibs.
Zhongyuan -A brand used by the Chengzhou Pen Factory.
Zhuangyuan -Another less known marque.
Edited by Seele, 16 February 2013
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